{"id":6868,"date":"2025-01-07T11:44:11","date_gmt":"2025-01-07T11:44:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bobea.net\/?p=6868"},"modified":"2025-01-07T11:44:12","modified_gmt":"2025-01-07T11:44:12","slug":"nouvelle-souche-de-grippe-aviaire-en-asie-les-femmes-rurales-particulierement-vulnerables","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bobea.net\/index.php\/2025\/01\/07\/nouvelle-souche-de-grippe-aviaire-en-asie-les-femmes-rurales-particulierement-vulnerables\/","title":{"rendered":"Nouvelle souche de grippe aviaire en Asie : les femmes rurales particuli\u00e8rement vuln\u00e9rables"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Une nou\u00advelle souche de grippe avi\u00adaire, bap\u00adtis\u00e9e H7N9, a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9tec\u00adt\u00e9e en Asie du Sud-Est, sus\u00adci\u00adtant l\u2019in\u00adqui\u00e9\u00adtude de l\u2019Or\u00adgan\u00adi\u00adsa\u00adtion Mon\u00addi\u00adale de la San\u00adt\u00e9 (OMS). Cette \u00e9pid\u00e9mie \u00e9mer\u00adgente pose des d\u00e9fis par\u00adti\u00adc\u00aduliers pour les femmes des zones rurales, qui sont sou\u00advent en pre\u00admi\u00e8re ligne dans l\u2019\u00e9l\u00ade\u00advage de volailles et donc plus expos\u00e9es au virus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Une men\u00adace san\u00adi\u00adtaire \u00e9mer\u00adgente<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Le virus H7N9, une nou\u00advelle vari\u00adante de la grippe avi\u00adaire, pr\u00e9sente des car\u00adac\u00adt\u00e9ris\u00adtiques pr\u00e9oc\u00adcu\u00adpantes :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Forte trans\u00admis\u00adsi\u00adbil\u00adit\u00e9 des oiseaux \u00e0 l\u2019homme<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Taux de mor\u00adtal\u00adit\u00e9 \u00e9lev\u00e9 chez les humains infec\u00adt\u00e9s (env\u00adi\u00adron 30%)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Poten\u00adtiel de muta\u00adtion rapi\u00adde, aug\u00admen\u00adtant le risque de trans\u00admis\u00adsion inter\u00adhu\u00admaine<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Dr. Maria Van Kerk\u00adhove, respon\u00ads\u00adable tech\u00adnique de l\u2019OMS pour la Covid-19, alerte : \u201cCette nou\u00advelle souche repr\u00e9sente un risque s\u00e9rieux pour la san\u00adt\u00e9 publique mon\u00addi\u00adale, en par\u00adti\u00adc\u00aduli\u00ader dans les r\u00e9gions o\u00f9 l\u2019\u00e9l\u00ade\u00advage de volailles est une activ\u00adit\u00e9 \u00e9conomique majeure.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Les femmes rurales en pre\u00admi\u00e8re ligne<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dans de nom\u00adbreuses r\u00e9gions d\u2019Asie, les femmes jouent un r\u00f4le cen\u00adtral dans l\u2019\u00e9l\u00ade\u00advage de volailles domes\u00adtiques :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>70% des petits \u00e9le\u00advages de volailles sont g\u00e9r\u00e9s par des femmes<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Les femmes sont respon\u00ads\u00adables de 90% des soins quo\u00adti\u00addi\u00adens aux volailles dans les exploita\u00adtions famil\u00adiales<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Cette prox\u00adim\u00adit\u00e9 avec les volailles aug\u00admente con\u00adsid\u00ad\u00e9rable\u00adment leur risque d\u2019ex\u00adpo\u00adsi\u00adtion au virus H7N9.T\u00e9moignages de ter\u00adrain<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mei Lin, \u00e9leveuse de poulets dans la province du Yun\u00adnan, Chine : \u201cNos poules sont notre prin\u00adci\u00adpale source de revenus. Nous ne pou\u00advons pas nous per\u00adme\u00adt\u00adtre d\u2019ar\u00adr\u00eater l\u2019\u00e9l\u00ade\u00advage, m\u00eame si nous avons peur du virus.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Priya Shar\u00adma, tra\u00advailleuse de san\u00adt\u00e9 com\u00admu\u00adnau\u00adtaire en Inde : \u201cBeau\u00adcoup de femmes ici ne por\u00adtent pas d\u2019\u00e9quipement de pro\u00adtec\u00adtion lorsqu\u2019elles s\u2019oc\u00adcu\u00adpent des volailles. C\u2019est \u00e0 la fois une ques\u00adtion de co\u00fbt et de manque d\u2019in\u00adfor\u00adma\u00adtion.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u00e9fis sp\u00e9\u00adci\u00adfiques pour les femmes rurales<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Acc\u00e8s lim\u00adit\u00e9 aux soins de san\u00adt\u00e9 : Dans de nom\u00adbreuses zones rurales, les \u00e9tab\u00adlisse\u00adments de san\u00adt\u00e9 sont \u00e9loign\u00e9s et sous-\u00e9quip\u00e9s.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"2\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Bar\u00adri\u00e8res cul\u00adturelles : Dans cer\u00adtaines com\u00admu\u00adnaut\u00e9s, les femmes ont besoin de l\u2019au\u00adtori\u00adsa\u00adtion de leur mari pour con\u00adsul\u00adter un m\u00e9decin.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Charge de tra\u00advail : Les femmes, sou\u00advent respon\u00ads\u00adables des soins aux enfants et aux per\u00adson\u00adnes \u00e2g\u00e9es, peu\u00advent h\u00e9siter \u00e0 s\u2019isol\u00ader en cas de symp\u00adt\u00f4mes.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"4\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Alphab\u00e9ti\u00adsa\u00adtion san\u00adi\u00adtaire : Le manque d\u2019ac\u00adc\u00e8s \u00e0 l\u2019in\u00adfor\u00adma\u00adtion peut lim\u00aditer la com\u00adpr\u00e9hen\u00adsion des risques et des mesures pr\u00e9ven\u00adtives.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>Ini\u00adtia\u00adtives de pr\u00e9ven\u00adtion cibl\u00e9es<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Face \u00e0 ces d\u00e9fis, plusieurs ini\u00adtia\u00adtives ont \u00e9t\u00e9 lanc\u00e9es :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Pro\u00adgramme \u201cWomen Health Guardians\u201d : For\u00adma\u00adtion de femmes lead\u00aders com\u00admu\u00adnau\u00adtaires aux mesures de bios\u00e9cu\u00adrit\u00e9 et \u00e0 la d\u00e9tec\u00adtion pr\u00e9\u00adcoce des symp\u00adt\u00f4mes.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"2\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Cam\u00adpagne de sen\u00adsi\u00adbil\u00adi\u00adsa\u00adtion mobile : Util\u00adi\u00adsa\u00adtion de SMS et de mes\u00adsages vocaux pour dif\u00adfuser des infor\u00adma\u00adtions de pr\u00e9ven\u00adtion dans les langues locales.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Dis\u00adtri\u00adb\u00adu\u00adtion d\u2019\u00e9quipements de pro\u00adtec\u00adtion : Four\u00adni\u00adture gra\u00adtu\u00adite de masques et de gants aux femmes \u00e9leveuses.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"4\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Clin\u00adiques mobiles : D\u00e9ploiement d\u2019u\u00adnit\u00e9s de san\u00adt\u00e9 mobiles dans les zones rurales pour faciliter l\u2019ac\u00adc\u00e8s aux soins.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>Impli\u00adca\u00adtions \u00e9conomiques<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u2019\u00e9pid\u00e9mie de H7N9 men\u00adace \u00e9gale\u00adment les moyens de sub\u00adsis\u00adtance de nom\u00adbreuses femmes rurales :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Baisse de la demande de volailles sur les march\u00e9s locaux<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Risque d\u2019a\u00adbattage pr\u00e9ven\u00adtif des \u00e9le\u00advages<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Perte poten\u00adtielle d\u2019une source impor\u00adtante de revenus et de nutri\u00adtion pour les familles<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Dr. Ami\u00adna Rah\u00adman, \u00e9con\u00ado\u00admiste de la san\u00adt\u00e9 : \u201cIl est cru\u00adcial de met\u00adtre en place des filets de s\u00e9cu\u00adrit\u00e9 \u00e9conomique pour ces femmes. Sans cela, nous risquons de voir une aug\u00admen\u00adta\u00adtion de la pau\u00advret\u00e9 rurale et de l\u2019in\u00ads\u00e9cu\u00adrit\u00e9 ali\u00admen\u00adtaire.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Per\u00adspec\u00adtives et recom\u00adman\u00adda\u00adtions<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Int\u00e9\u00adgra\u00adtion de la dimen\u00adsion de genre dans les plans de pr\u00e9\u00adpa\u00adra\u00adtion aux pand\u00e9mies<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"2\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ren\u00adforce\u00adment des sys\u00adt\u00e8mes de san\u00adt\u00e9 ruraux avec une atten\u00adtion par\u00adti\u00adc\u00aduli\u00e8re aux besoins des femmes<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Sou\u00adtien \u00e9conomique cibl\u00e9 pour les femmes \u00e9leveuses affec\u00adt\u00e9es par l\u2019\u00e9pid\u00e9mie<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"4\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Recherche accrue sur les impacts dif\u00adf\u00e9ren\u00adci\u00e9s des zoonoses selon le genre<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>Con\u00adclu\u00adsion<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>La nou\u00advelle souche de grippe avi\u00adaire H7N9 met en lumi\u00e8re la vul\u00adn\u00e9ra\u00adbil\u00adit\u00e9 par\u00adti\u00adc\u00aduli\u00e8re des femmes rurales face aux zoonoses \u00e9mer\u00adgentes. Leur r\u00f4le cen\u00adtral dans l\u2019\u00e9l\u00ade\u00advage de volailles les place en pre\u00admi\u00e8re ligne de l\u2019\u00e9pid\u00e9mie, exposant non seule\u00adment leur san\u00adt\u00e9 mais aus\u00adsi leurs moyens de sub\u00adsis\u00adtance. Une r\u00e9ponse effi\u00adcace \u00e0 cette men\u00adace san\u00adi\u00adtaire n\u00e9ces\u00adsite une approche sen\u00adsi\u00adble au genre, prenant en compte les d\u00e9fis sp\u00e9\u00adci\u00adfiques aux\u00adquels ces femmes sont con\u00adfron\u00adt\u00e9es.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>En pro\u00adt\u00e9geant et en autonomisant les femmes rurales, nous ren\u00adfor\u00e7ons non seule\u00adment leur r\u00e9silience indi\u00advidu\u00adelle, mais aus\u00adsi celle de com\u00admu\u00adnaut\u00e9s enti\u00e8res face aux futures men\u00adaces san\u00adi\u00adtaires.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Une nou\u00advelle souche de grippe avi\u00adaire, bap\u00adtis\u00e9e H7N9, a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9tec\u00adt\u00e9e en Asie du Sud-Est, sus\u00adci\u00adtant l\u2019in\u00adqui\u00e9\u00adtude de l\u2019Or\u00adgan\u00adi\u00adsa\u00adtion Mon\u00addi\u00adale de la San\u00adt\u00e9 (OMS). Cette \u00e9pid\u00e9mie \u00e9mer\u00adgente pose des d\u00e9fis\u2026 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6869,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"wp_typography_post_enhancements_disabled":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[73],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6868","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-on-en-parle"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v24.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Nouvelle souche de grippe aviaire en Asie : les femmes rurales particuli\u00e8rement vuln\u00e9rables - Bobea<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Une nouvelle souche de grippe aviaire, baptis\u00e9e H7N9, a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9tect\u00e9e en Asie du Sud-Est, suscitant l&#039;inqui\u00e9tude de l&#039;Organisation Mondiale\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, 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